Venous Leg Ulcers
Venous leg ulcers are open sores that occur on the lower legs, typically between the knee and the ankle, due to poor blood circulation. They are the most common type of leg ulcer and are a result of chronic venous insufficiency, where the veins in the legs struggle to send blood back to the heart, leading to increased pressure and damage to the skin.
Risk Factors
Several factors can increase the risk of developing venous leg ulcers, including:
- Age: The risk increases with age, particularly after 60.
- Varicose Veins: Swollen, twisted veins can contribute to venous insufficiency.
- Previous Leg Ulcers: A history of venous leg ulcers increases the risk of recurrence.
- Obesity: Excess weight puts additional pressure on the veins.
- Prolonged Standing or Sitting: Occupations or activities that require long periods of standing or sitting.
- Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Blood clots in the deep veins can lead to chronic venous insufficiency.
- Family History: A family history of chronic venous insufficiency or venous leg ulcers
Symptoms
Symptoms of venous leg ulcers can include:
- Open Sores: Shallow, red sores that are often painful and may produce a discharge.
- Swelling: In the lower legs and ankles.
- Itching and Burning: Sensations around the ulcerated area.
- Skin Discoloration: Darkening or reddening of the skin around the ulcer.
- Hardening of the Skin: The skin around the ulcer may become thickened and hardened (lipodermatosclerosis).
- Cramping or Aching: In the legs.
Diagnostics and Tests
Diagnosing venous leg ulcers involves a thorough examination and various tests, including:
- Physical Examination: To assess the ulcer and check for signs of venous insufficiency.
- Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI): To rule out arterial disease by comparing blood pressure in the ankle with the arm.
- Ultrasound: To evaluate blood flow in the veins and identify any blockages or valve issues.
- Wound Culture: If infection is suspected, a sample may be taken to identify bacteria.
Treatments and Services
Treatment for venous leg ulcers focuses on improving blood circulation, promoting wound healing and preventing infection. At LifeBridge Health, we offer comprehensive care, including advanced wound care services and vascular treatments:
- Compression Therapy: Using compression stockings or bandages to improve blood flow and reduce swelling.
- Wound Care: Regular cleaning and dressing of the ulcer to promote healing and prevent infection.
- Medications: Antibiotics for infections, pain relief and medications to improve blood flow.
- Elevation: Keeping the leg elevated to reduce swelling and improve circulation.
- Surgery: In severe cases, procedures such as vein surgery or skin grafts may be necessary to promote healing.
- Lifestyle Changes: Regular exercise, weight management and avoiding prolonged standing or sitting.