Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm
A thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is a balloon-like bulge in the wall of the thoracic aorta, the part of the aorta that runs through the chest. This bulge can weaken the aorta's wall, increasing the risk of a tear (dissection) or rupture, which can be life-threatening. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent serious complications.
Risk Factors
Several factors can increase the risk of developing a thoracic aortic aneurysm:
- High Blood Pressure: Chronic hypertension can weaken the aortic walls.
- Atherosclerosis: Buildup of plaque can damage the aorta.
- Genetic Conditions: Disorders such as Marfan syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and other connective tissue disorders.
- Family History: A history of aneurysms or other aortic conditions.
- Age and Gender: More common in men over the age of 60.
- Smoking: Increases the risk of aneurysm formation and growth.
- Infection or Injury: Trauma or certain infections can weaken the aortic wall.
Symptoms
Thoracic aortic aneurysms often grow slowly and may not cause noticeable symptoms until they are large or rupture. Warning signs might include:
- Chest or Back Pain: A deep, aching pain in the chest or back.
- Shortness of Breath: Difficulty breathing due to pressure on the lungs.
- Hoarseness: Pressure on the vocal cords can cause changes in voice.
- Difficulty Swallowing: Pressure on the esophagus can make swallowing difficult.
- Coughing or Wheezing: Due to pressure on the airways.
Diagnostics and Tests
Accurate diagnosis is essential for managing a TAA. Diagnostic methods include:
- Physical Examination: Initial assessment to check for signs of an aneurysm.
- Imaging Tests:
- CT Scan: Provides detailed images of the aorta and can show the size and location of the aneurysm.
- MRI: Offers a clear picture of the aorta’s condition.
- Chest X-ray: May reveal an enlarged aorta.
- Echocardiogram: Uses ultrasound to examine the aorta and heart.
Treatments and Services
At LifeBridge Health, we provide comprehensive care for thoracic aortic aneurysms, including advanced diagnostic techniques, effective treatment options and supportive ongoing care. Our team of cardiologists, surgeons and healthcare professionals is committed to delivering personalized, compassionate care to ensure the best possible outcomes for our patients:
- Medications: Blood pressure management and medications to reduce the risk of aneurysm growth.
- Surgery: Open surgical repair or endovascular stent grafting, depending on the aneurysm’s size and location.
- Ongoing Care: Regular imaging, lifestyle changes and monitoring to manage risk factors and track the aneurysm's condition.