Lymphedema: Why it's important to seek treatment right away

There is no cure for lymphedema, chronic swelling (usually in the arms and legs, though other body parts can be affected) resulting from fluid buildup caused by blockages in the lymphatic system.

But it is treatable. Those who have lymphedema or suspect they have it must seek treatment right away to prevent other potential health problems linked to the condition from developing, including a disability.

"Lymphedema isn't something that goes away by itself. It needs to be treated. There are ways we can treat it and get it into almost like a remission where it can be managed. If it's not treated, it continues to worsen," says Sandra Praniewicz, PT, CLT-LANA at Sinai Hospital. "A lot of people don't recognize that this is a potentially serious health issue and don't want to take the time to see a doctor or specialist."

A condition that affects millions in the United States, lymphedema is an accumulation of abnormal amounts of protein-rich fluid in the tissues that can lead to permanent swelling caused by an impaired network of lymph nodes and channels. (The lymphatic system is vital to your circulatory and immune functions.) Lymphedema typically develops after surgery or exposure to radiation. Cancer and its treatment are among the notable risk factors.

There are two types of lymphedema:

• Primary lymphedema (caused by abnormal development of the lymph system; symptoms can be present at birth or develop later on in life)
• Secondary lymphedema (caused by damage to the lymph system by way of surgery, radiation, infection, removal of lymph nodes, etc.)

If left untreated, lymphedema can lead to decreased function and mobility in the affected limb, as well as chronic infections and other illnesses. People with lymphedema may have difficulty fitting into clothing in a specific area as well as difficulty with moving the wrist, hand or ankle. Ring, bracelet or wrist watch tightness is also common. Other symptoms include full sensation in the affected area of the body and tight skin.

"The number one health concern with lymphedema is developing a cellulitis (a potentially serious bacterial infection of the skin and tissues beneath the skin). We want to prevent that at all costs," Praniewicz says. "But the thing that people with lymphedema tend to deal with is the swelling of a limb where clothing doesn't fit right, shoes don't fit correctly. And from there, it can lead into balance issues and not being able to get out and socialize as much as they once were able to."

She adds: "Swelling that at the end of the day doesn't go away isn't normal. A lot of people do have that. Some patients say, "˜My feet swell, but when I get up in the morning, I'm fine.' Well, that's a precursor to lymphedema."

Sinai has an experienced team of certified lymphedema therapists in both inpatient and outpatient settings that can help with:

• Decongestive therapy (a type of massage therapy performed by a specially trained expert)
• Garment fit and training
• Nutritional education
• Education to prevent or minimize effects of lymphedema
• Support of psychological well-being

In addition, Sinai offers a variety of lymphedema products onsite. Through proper care and treatment, affected body parts can return to a normal size and shape. "We work closely with the patient's primary doctor as far as getting the patient compression stockings, garments and other products we think the patient may need to manage their lymphedema," Praniewicz says.

Those with lymphedema should ask their primary care physician about a referral for physical therapy/lymphedema treatment at Sinai. To schedule a consultation, call 410-601-5855. You can also schedule an appointment with a LifeBridge Health physician by calling 410-601-WELL.